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71.
研究对2011年7月采自印度尼西亚卡利安达岛近岸热泉的样品,进行了细菌和古菌16S rRNA基因和细菌氢酶基因克隆文库的构建、序列测定和多样性分析。结果表明:热泉系统的细菌和古菌由16个门组成,Proteobacteria为热液流体和沉积物的优势类群,丰度分别为59.5%和73.3%,Cyanobacteria为菌苔的优势类群(丰度,56.5%);具有氨氧化作用的Crenarchaeota为古菌的优势类群。热泉系统中,70%以上的种类与海洋细菌的亲缘关系最近,说明该系统具有海洋特性;约20%的种类与陆地热泉中嗜热或中等嗜热细菌的亲缘关系最近,这些种类可能来源于高温地层内部,并参与了铁氧化还原、氢氧化、硫氧化和硝酸还原等过程。热泉系统中,NAD(P)-关联的双向NiFe-氢酶基因和FeFe-氢酶基因的组成分布也受到温度和盐度分布变化的影响。研究为揭示浅海热液系统提供理论参考。 相似文献
72.
新型城镇化背景下,特色旅游小镇作为城乡融合和乡村振兴的重要载体,承担着产业发展、文化传承、社区管理、空间整合和生态优化等多种功能。针对当前特色旅游小镇产城不融合、特色不鲜明等发展现状,论文以产业整合与景观重构为视角,探讨特色旅游小镇建设的双轮驱动机制,研究结果显示：① 以产业整合实现特色旅游小镇建设的转型升级。在挖掘产业共性与识别产业特色的基础上,运用整合手段实现产业互融,激发出产业整合极强的人口集聚、产业集聚、消费集聚、服务集聚、空间集聚以及生态集聚等效应,促进特色旅游小镇的经济建设、社会建设和生态建设。② 以景观重构实现特色旅游小镇建设的基因传承。通过识别景观基因、提取景观节点、组合景观廊道、构建景观形态的重构路径,描绘出特色旅游小镇文化景观的建设蓝图,以凸显特色旅游小镇的文化基因。③ 将产业整合与景观重构有机结合,形成特色旅游小镇建设的双轮驱动器。在识别景观基因与确定形象定位的前提下开展产业整合,同时利用整合成果提取出景观节点,组成旅游通道,进而整合社会空间功能,形成和谐的景观形态,为特色旅游小镇提供一条产业化与特色化高度融合的建设路径。 相似文献
73.
The circadian clock is a fundamental endogenous mechanism of adaptation that coordinates the physiology and behavior of most organisms with diel variations in the external environment to maintain temporal homeostasis. Diatoms are the major primary producers in the ocean. However, little is known about the circadian clock in marine diatoms compared with other organisms. Here, we investigated circadian clock genes, their expression patterns, and responses to environmental stimuli such as light, nitrogen and phosphorus in two marine diatoms, Skeletonema costatum and Phaeodactylum tricornutum, using a combination of qRT-PCR and bioinformatic analysis. We identified 17 and 18 circadian clock genes in P. tricornutum and S. costatum, respectively. Despite significant evolutionary differences, these genes were similar to those of the higher plant Arabidopsis. We also established a molecular model for the marine diatom circadian clock comprising an input pathway, core oscillator, output pathway, and valve effector. Notably, the expression patterns of core clock genes (circadian clock associated 1 (CCA1), late elongated hypocotyl (LHY) and timing of cab 1 (TOC1)) in both species differed from those of terrestrial plants. Furthermore, the expression of these genes was influenced by variations in ambient light, nitrogen and phosphorus availability. Although marine diatoms and higher plants share common circadian clock components, their clock genes have diverged throughout evolution, likely as a result of adapting to contrasting environments. 相似文献
74.
Molecular characterizations of chloramphenicol- and oxytetracycline-resistant bacteria and resistance genes in mariculture waters of China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In order to gain an understanding of the diversity and distribution of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes in maricultural environments, multidrug-resistant bacteria were screened for the rearing waters from a mariculture farm of China. Both abalone Haliotis discushannai and turbot Scophthalmus maximus rearing waters were populated with abundant chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria. These bacteria were also multidrug resistant, with Vibriosplendidus and Vibriotasmaniensis being the most predominant species. The chloramphenicol-resistance gene cat II, cat IV or floR could be detected in most of the multidrug-resistant isolates, and the oxytetracycline-resistance gene tet(B), tet(D), tet(E) or tet(M) could also be detected for most of the isolates. Coexistence of chloramphenicol- and oxytetracycline-resistance genes partially explains the molecular mechanism of multidrug resistance in the studied maricultural environments. Comparative studies with different antimicrobial agents as the starting isolation reagents may help detect a wider diversity of the antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes. 相似文献
75.
Shing Yi Pan Geok Yuan Annie Tan Peter Convey David A. Pearce Irene K. R Tan 《极地研究(英文版)》2013,(4):208-212
The Antarctic represents a largely untapped source for isolation of new microorganisms with potential to produce bio- active natural products. Actinomycetes are of special interest among such microorganisms as they are known to produce a large number of natural products, many of which have clinical, pharmaceutical or agricultural applications. We isolated, characterized and classified actinomycetes from soil samples collected from different locations on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, in the maritime Antarctic. A total of 95 putative actinomyeete strains were isolated from eight soil samples using eight types of selective isolation media. The strains were dereplicated into 16 groups based on morphology and Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis （ARDRA） patterns. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences of representatives from each group showed that streptomy- cetes were the dominant actinomycetes isolated from these soils; however, there were also several strains belonging to diverse and rare genera in the class Actinobacteria, including Demetria, Glaciibacter, Kocuria, Marmoricola, Nakamurella and Tsukamurella. In addition, screening for antibacterial activity and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase genes showed that many of the actinomycete strains have the potential to produce antibacterial compounds. 相似文献
76.
Rapid spread of antibiotic resistance genes has placed them under consideration as emerging environmental contaminants. The occurrence and distribution of tetracycline resistance genes (TRG) and integrons (INT) have been monitored for 2 years in seven oyster beds located in the Altamaha River (Georgia, USA) estuary. TRG/INT profiles varied both temporally (p < 0.025) and spatially between oysters and their environment (p < 0.005) suggesting shifts in sources of contamination and selection of TRG/INT carriers by oysters. The latter was confirmed via analysis of tet(D) and tet(G) distribution between oysters and their environment. Uncommon class 3 integrons dominated the integrons’ profile in oysters. The frequency of TRG/INT incidents correlated (R2 ? 0.9) to (i) dissolved solids, (ii) potential water density, and (iii) turbidity but not to the amount of local precipitation suggesting the watershed as the dominant source of TRG/INT contamination and other than directly rainfall-caused run-offs as its environmental route. 相似文献
77.
泥蚶(Tegillarcagranosa)是一种比较特别的具有较强耐低氧能力的贝类,但目前其耐低氧分子调控机理尚不知。为探究泥蚶耐受低氧的分子调控机理,本研究对低氧胁迫下的泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)血细胞转录组中富集的信号通路及生物学过程进行分析,并初步筛选分析耐低氧基因。对低氧(DO=0.5 mg/L)胁迫6、24、72、120 h的泥蚶血细胞进行转录组测序(RNA-seq)并开展生物信息学分析,筛选出差异基因集,并对胁迫72、120 h的DEGs进行GO富集分析、KEGG通路分析,采用qPCR方法检测7个DEGs的表达量并与转录组比较。结果显示从6 h开始到120 h的4个时间点的DEGs数量呈增多的趋势, GO功能分析主要富集在JUN激酶活性的负调控、蛋白质水解的负调控及免疫系统进程等主动抗凋亡、抗逆进程; KEGG通路分析主要富集在胰岛素及胰腺分泌的信号通路、HIF-1通路、钙信号相关通路和细胞凋亡相关通路。qPCR检测结果显示, 7个基因的表达上调/下调趋势与转录组测序一致,证实了转录组测序结果的可靠性。本研究推测胰腺分泌信号通路、钙信号通路及凋亡通路在泥蚶... 相似文献